Main Content

Lesson 2: Trait Approach

Personality Characteristics

Ernest Tupes and Raymond Cristal originally formulated a model of personality characteristics which included: neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. These, along with emotional intelligence (the ability to understand emotions and to use such knowledge to perform tasks—see work by Daniel Goleman), also seem to have some bearing on who moves into positions of leadership and how effectively leaders function.

Five Personality Factors

Five FactorsPersonality Description
Five Personality Factors

Neuroticism

A generalized tendency to experience unpleasant emotions, such as depression and undue anxiety
ExtraversionOutgoingness and the tendency to seek stimulation in social environments
OpennessReceptivity to novelty in modes of thought, feeling, and behavior, as well as tolerance for diversity
AgreeablenessA propensity for being compassionate, cooperative, and supportive of others
ConscientiousnessHigh in self-discipline, commitment to task completion, sense of organization, and dependability

 

Try taking the Personality Patterns test from at Signal Patterns to see your traits.


Top of page