Brown v. Board of Education (Kansas)
1954
The Supreme Court Determined that "separate-but-equal" education is illegal.
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Diana v. State Board of Education (California)
1970
The court ruled that children cannot be placed in special education based on Culturally biased tests.
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Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania; Mills v. Board of Education (District of Columbia)
1972
Established the right to education for students with disabilities and found that denial of education violates the 14 amendment.
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Larry P. v. Riles (California)
1977
A court ruled that the use of standardized IQ tests for placements into special education classes for students with "educable mental retardation" was discriminatory.
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Board of Education v. Rowley (New York)
1982
The Supreme Court defined "free and appropriate education" (FAPE), and directed that public schools must provide appropriate special education services.
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Honig v. Doe (California)
1988
This decision was concerned with extensive suspensions of students with emotional and behavioral disorders from school for aggressive behavior that the court determined was disability related. The court ruled that a suspension of longer than 10 days was effectively a change in placement, requiring all the necessary procedures of governing a change in placement.
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Oberti v. Board of Education of the Borough of Clementon School District (New Jersey)
1992
A federal district court ruled that a self-contained special education class was not the least restrictive environment for a student with Down Syndrome. The court ruled that school districts were obligated to first consider regular class placement, with supplementary aids and services, before considering alternative placements.
