Using Spreadsheets in the Classroom
Spreadsheets were created to replace paper-based accounting systems. By inserting numbers and formulas into cells, spreadsheets will perform numerous calculations instantly. For example, a teacher could create a class grade book and decide later to change the weight of an assignment or drop a lowest grade and the spreadsheet will automatically update the final grades. Spreadsheets can help us answer "what if" questions (e.g., what if the interest rate went up by 2%?), for detecting patterns or trends (e.g., looking at this chart, do you think this stock is a good investment?), and for modeling relationships between two or more parameters (e.g., what happens to the rate of growth if we increase the carrying capacity while decreasing the food supply?).
Examples of Spreadsheet Use
|
Student |
Teacher |
Administrative |
Use to determine the grade needed on a semester test to get an 'A' in the course |
Electronic grade sheet to record and calculate grades |
Instructional |
Create a model of the relationships between gravitational constant and mass on different planets |
Create a model that demonstrates compounding interest on a loan |
Assessment |
Create a formula that depicts the relationship between interest rate and the consumer pricing index |
Chart the amount of prompting needed for a special needs student to complete a task independently |
When incorporating spreadsheet activities into your classroom, begin by generating questions that can easily be answered by using a spreadsheet. For example:
• Would you rather have $1 doubled every week for two years, or $10,000/week for two years? (For example, see the Exponential Growth spreadsheet)
• What variables most contributed to the North winning the Civil War? If these variables were different, could the South have won?
• What would happen if I paid my minimum balance plus $5 per month on my credit card? How much more quickly would I have it paid off? (For example, see the Financial Calculator spreadsheet)
• How does a student's academic behavior change over time? (For example, see the Grade Book spreadsheet)
Be sure to make the best use of spreadsheets for your activities. Why would you use a spreadsheet over something else? Could you accomplish your instructional goals without using a spreadsheet? If you can't identify a good reason, you might want to reconsider your technology choice or your activity idea.
For more ideas regarding how to integrate spreadsheets into the curriculum, please review the examples from the Newby text.
- Demonstrations
- Student projects
- Support for problem-solving
- Storing and analyzing data
- Projecting grades
Based on the applications listed above, can you think of a way you could use spreadsheets in the classroom? Below are a few Web sites that provide some examples (and downloadable spreadsheets).
- Immigrants Unit
- Type of resource: Web site
- Source: http://www.coollessons.org/Imm20.htm
- Description: This award winning Internet-based unit has students examining completed spreadsheets to analyze the experience of Irish immigrants to Boston in 1840 and the immigrant experience today. Final projects for the unit can take many forms, ranging from charts and graphs to drama or musical numbers.
-
Algebra Using Excel
- Type of resource: Web sit
- Source: http://www.mste.uiuc.edu/courses/ci301fall98/e dsel/excel_int.html
- Description: This site describes a lesson created for secondary algebra students using an Excel spreadsheet. The problem is to find the maximum number of cars passing a point in a given amount of time. The teachers found that "Excel proved to be extremely beneficial in efficiently solving this traffic problem. Having all the data in the spreadsheet form makes it easy to understand and convenient to display the results graphically.
- NCAA Baskeball Finals
- Type of resource: Web site
- Source: http://www.mste.uiuc.edu/meseke/ncaa.html
- Description: This site describes a statistics lesson for middle school students. Using Excel, students analyze data on scores and teams from NCAA Basketball Championship Games. The students answer questions, draw conclusions, and make predictions based on their interpretation of the data.
