1.2.7 Personality Measurement Instruments
Obviously, personality is a very complicated subject which scientists are still sorting out. However, it is extremely important to try to understand it because we believe that personality affects our behavior. Since most of our waking hours are spent at work, effective project managers must have a basic understanding of personality.
There are specific instruments used to measure personality and many do it with high levels of reliability (they are consistent over time) and validity (they measure what they are supposed to measure). Here are four of the better known tests, what they measure, and how they are used:
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory: This test diagnoses psychological disorders. It is used in clinical settings to diagnose and treat patients with mental problems. It is also used to screen candidates for top security positions like CIA or FBI positions. It was used by a large chain of discount stores to screen applicants, but after a lawsuit was filed by employees, who did not like the invasive nature of the questions, it is no longer being used.
California Personality Inventory: This test measures basic personality traits which could impact work performance. It has been used to screen applicants for specific types of jobs.
Myers-Briggs Personality Inventory: This test measures 16 basic personality types. It is particularly useful for training and team building. You have been asked to complete the Myers Briggs inventory for this course. Are the results accurate? Ask people who know you well and observe you often.
NEO-Five Factor Inventory: This instrument measures the Big Five, that is, the five dimensions of personality that many researchers believe make up the basic structure of all personality traits. This tool is used primarily for research. I have used it for several publications.
There are many other personality tests which are used for both selection and training purposes. It is important that the tools that are used have been tested for reliability and validity for the specific purposes for which they are to be used.